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The coking industry—particularly petroleum coking—plays a critical role in upgrading heavy residues and vacuum bottoms into valuable products such as petroleum coke, light hydrocarbons, and synthetic gas. As these processes occur under extreme temperatures, pressures, and corrosive conditions, pressure vessels serve as essential equipment for enabling, containing, and controlling each phase of operation.
From delayed coking to flexicoking and fluid coking, pressure vessels are deeply integrated into every stage—thermal cracking, vapor-liquid separation, gas cleaning, quenching, and residue collection.
Here are selected project cases demonstrating our capability in delivering pressure vessels for complex petrochemical units.
| Client | Equipment Name | Spec | Weight / Material |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hengyi (Brunei) | Reactor / Scrubber Tower | φ6600 × 56 × 40209 mm | 302.7T (Shell Structure) Material Sections: Φ4000×3+20 / Φ5038×6+28 / Φ5450×24 / Φ3650×16×70328mm |
| Hengyi (Brunei) | Gasifier | Φ13360 × 36 × 24722 mm | 430T Q345R |
| Hengyi (Brunei) | Heater | Φ9365×28 / Φ4330×20 × 35679 mm | 280T Q345R |
| Yantai Yida New Materials Co., Ltd. | Coke Drum | φ6600 × 56 × 40209 mm | 350T 14Cr1MoR |
| Liaoning Bora Bioenergy Co., Ltd. | Coke Drum | φ6600 × 36/38/42/52/64 × 47600 mm | 375T 14Cr1MoR |
| Shandong Yida New Materials Co., Ltd. | Coke Drum | Φ6100 × 58/52/48/42 × 33533 mm | 278.4T 15Cr1MoR |
Coking units—whether delayed coking, flexicoking, or coal coking—require a diverse range of vessels, each serving distinct functions like reaction, gas-liquid separation, quenching, or gas cleaning. These vessels must endure intense thermal stress, coke fouling, and aggressive chemical exposure.
| Function | Typical Vessel | Process Role |
|---|---|---|
| Reaction | Coke Drum, Flexicoking Gasifier | Thermal cracking of heavy feedstocks, coke formation |
| Separation | Knockout Drum, HP Separator | Removal of entrained liquids and solids from vapor streams |
| Cooling / Quenching | Quench Drum, Scrubber | Rapid cooling of hot cracked gases |
| Purification | Scrubber Tower, H₂S Separator | Gas cleaning and environmental compliance |
| Intermediate Storage | Surge Drum, Blowdown Tank | Temporary holding during flow transitions |
Each coking process utilizes a distinct vessel set depending on feedstock type and process configuration. Below is a breakdown by process route:
| Coking Process | Key Pressure Vessels |
|---|---|
| Delayed Coking (DCU) | Coke Drum, Blowdown Drum, Fractionator Overhead Drum |
| Flexicoking | Gasifier, Reheater, Quench Tower, Scrubber, Sour Gas Separator |
| Fluid Coking | Reactor, Cyclone, Steam Drum, Product Separator |
| Coal Coking / Metallurgical Coking | Gas Coolers, Gas Washer, Benzol Condenser, Tar Separator |
These vessels enable feedstock conversion, gas-liquid separation, heat integration, and environmental treatment across complex flows.
Due to the severe operating conditions in coking (temperature up to 550°C, H₂S, NH₃, coke particulates), pressure vessels must be engineered with specialized materials and structural designs.
| Material / Alloy | Reason for Selection |
|---|---|
| Q345R / 16MnR | General pressure service, good weldability |
| 15CrMoR / 12Cr2Mo1R | High-temperature strength and creep resistance |
| Stainless Steel Cladding (304/347) | Surface corrosion and coke adhesion resistance |
| Overlay Welding (E309L + E347) | Inner surface protection from fouling and acid gases |
| Duplex Steel / Inconel Alloys | For sour gas, chlorine, and high corrosion zones |
Building pressure vessels for coking operations requires mastery in heavy fabrication and long-term performance optimization.
| Challenge | Engineering Solution |
|---|---|
| Wall thickness > 200 mm | Multi-pass SAW, phased array UT, advanced PWHT |
| Coke buildup and thermal fatigue | Anti-coking linings, thermal cycling stress analysis |
| Large-diameter fabrication (>Φ6000mm) | Segmental shell rolling, site welding |
| Hydrogen or H₂S service | NACE MR0175 materials + overlay cladding |
| Field assembly in constrained sites | Modular design + field service support |
The future of coking pressure vessels lies in modularization, smart integration, and advanced materials. These trends are transforming plant economics, operability, and safety.
| Trend | Details |
|---|---|
| Modular Fabrication | Skid-based gasification and scrubbing modules for rapid deployment |
| Digital Monitoring | Embedded sensors for temperature, pressure, and fouling detection |
| Hybrid Materials | Explosion-bonded plates with duplex or Inconel linings |
| Eco-friendly Design | Low-NOx combustion vessels, coke dust containment, clean gasification |
| Integrated Reactors | Combining reaction + separation + cooling in multi-zone vessels |
Coking operations present some of the most demanding environments for pressure vessels—with extreme heat, corrosive atmospheres, and process complexity. These vessels not only enable feedstock conversion and emission control, but also ensure the plant’s reliability, efficiency, and safety.
From coke drums to flexicoking gasifiers, our engineered pressure vessels are trusted worldwide for their precision fabrication, robust materials, and full compliance with international standards.
Looking for a reliable pressure vessel partner for your coking or residue upgrading project?
Contact our technical team today for customized design proposals, drawings, and quotations.
Let’s build high-performance coking systems—safer, cleaner, and stronger.
Why Choose Us?
Certified Safety, Reliable Quality, Custom-Engineered Pressure Vessels.
Weihai Shidao Heavy Industry Co., Ltd is a leading manufacturer of heavy equipment specializing in nuclear power components & large pressure vessels.
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