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Pressure Vessels in the Coal Chemical Industry

Coal chemical engineering—also known as coal-to-chemicals (CTC)—plays a vital role in converting coal into high-value chemicals such as methanol, synthetic ammonia, olefins, and clean fuels. These complex processes involve extreme operating conditions, including high temperatures, high pressures, corrosive environments, and toxic gas streams. Pressure vessels are indispensable infrastructure, enabling each core step of reaction, separation, purification, and storage with safety and precision.

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Ниже приведены отдельные проекты, демонстрирующие наши возможности по поставке сосудов высокого давления для сложных нефтехимических установок.

Корпус газификатора для газификации угля

Вторичный преобразователь сдвига – Xingxing

Первичный преобразователь сдвига – Xingxing

Клиент	Название оборудования	Спецификация	Вес/Материал
Хэбэйская компания Xinji Chemical Group Co., Ltd.	Корпус газификатора	φ2700 / φ2690 × 50 / (50+5) × 14191 мм	76T 15CrMoR; 15CrMoR + S31603 (покрытие из нержавеющей стали)
Hengli Petrochemical	Реактор МТО	φ7925 / φ5000 × δ63 / 123 / 80 / 46 × 43467 мм Количество: 1 шт.	SA516 Gr70
Ичан Синсин Ланьтянь Технолоджи Ко., Лтд.	Первичный преобразователь сдвига	Φ3200 × 15850 мм	150T 14Cr1MoR
Ичан Синсин Ланьтянь Технолоджи Ко., Лтд.	Вторичный преобразователь сдвига	Φ3200 × 14570 мм	169T 15CrMoR
Нинся Баофэн Энергетическая Группа Лтд.	Котел-утилизатор	143-E102 φ2600×60/80×19500 мм	Сталь для сосудов высокого давления 188.8T Q345R

Core Applications of Pressure Vessels in Coal Chemical Processes

Pressure vessels are deeply embedded in almost every unit operation in coal chemical engineering. Their functions span gasification, synthesis, cooling, scrubbing, and product refinement.

Стадия процесса	Typical Pressure Vessels	Функция
Coal Gasification	Gasifiers, Quench Chambers	Convert coal into syngas (CO + H₂) under high-temp pressure
Gas Purification	Scrubbers, Knockout Drums, Acid Gas Removal Towers	Remove dust, H₂S, NH₃, CO₂, tar
Methanol Synthesis	Methanol Reactors, Heat Exchangers	Catalytic conversion of syngas to methanol
Синтез аммиака	Ammonia Converters, High-Pressure Separators	High-pressure synthesis of NH₃ from H₂ and N₂
Fischer-Tropsch (FT)	FT Reactors, Wax Separators	Convert syngas into liquid hydrocarbons and waxes
Byproduct Recovery	Condensers, Absorbers, Distillation Columns	Recover valuable chemicals like phenol, benzene, naphtha
Промежуточное хранилище	Surge Drums, Flash Tanks, Spheres	Temporary pressurized containment for process stability

Key Coal Chemical Routes and Required Vessels

Each coal chemical route has unique vessel requirements due to differences in reaction mechanisms and conditions.

➤ Direct Coal Liquefaction (DCL)

Vessels: Hydrogenation reactors, separators, scrubbers
Conditions: 15–30 MPa, 400–500°C
Challenge: H₂ service + coke deposition + severe thermal cycling

➤ Indirect Coal Liquefaction (ICL) / Gas-to-Liquid (GTL)

Vessels: Slurry-phase or fixed-bed FT reactors, cooling drums
Conditions: 2–6 MPa, 200–300°C
Challenge: Wax fouling + phase separation + long residence time

➤ Coal-to-Methanol

Vessels: Methanol synthesis reactor, carbamate condenser, CO₂ absorber
Conditions: 5–10 MPa, high purity control
Challenge: Corrosion + pressure balance + catalyst protection

Material Selection for Harsh Conditions

Coal-derived gas streams often contain H₂, H₂S, CO, COS, NH₃, and particulate matter. Material selection must balance creep strength, corrosion resistance, hydrogen embrittlement resistance, and weldability.

Материал	Ключевые свойства	Used In
12Cr2Mo1R / 15CrMoR	High-temp strength, hydrogen resistance	Methanol & ammonia synthesis
Q345R / 16MnR	General vessel structure with good weldability	Purification drums, surge tanks
316L / 347H Stainless	Acid, chloride, and high-temp resistance	Condensers, scrubbers, H₂ service
Incoloy 825 / Alloy 625	Severe H₂S and acid gas resistance	Acid gas removal towers
Explosive Cladding (Ti, SS)	Inner lining for dual protection	Quench vessels, synthesis towers

🛠️ Overlay welding (e.g., E309L + E347), rubber lining, PTFE lining, and explosion-bonded plates are common in coal chemical vessel fabrication.

Engineering & Manufacturing Challenges

Coal chemical equipment must be massive, thick-walled, multi-zone, and able to handle process cycling, fouling, and thermal shock. Key challenges include:

Испытание	Инженерное решение
Hydrogen embrittlement	Low-alloy chrome-moly steel + post-weld heat treatment
Shell thickness > 100 mm	Layered welding + deep penetration testing
Coke fouling & soot accumulation	Special internal coatings + anti-coking lining
Transport constraints (oversize units)	Modular assembly + field welding techniques
Long-term high-pressure operation	Full PWHT, creep simulation, and advanced material selection

Future Outlook: Green Coal Chemistry & Smarter Vessels

As coal chemical processes evolve to reduce carbon emissions and improve energy efficiency, pressure vessels are adapting with:

Smart sensors for wall thinning, temperature, and H₂ detection
Modular vessels for fast deployment and on-site assembly
Green integration with carbon capture (CCUS) and H₂ co-production
Advanced coatings for lifetime enhancement
Digital twin modeling for predictive maintenance and simulation

Заключение

In coal-to-chemical production, pressure vessels are the industrial backbone—withstanding harsh media, extreme pressure, and thermal fatigue to safely convert coal into valuable chemical products. From gasification to methanol synthesis, their design and reliability directly impact plant efficiency, safety, and environmental performance.

With deep expertise in large-scale fabrication, overlay welding, and high-alloy metallurgy, we provide high-performance pressure vessel solutions that power the coal chemical industry’s transformation.

Need custom-engineered pressure vessels for your coal chemical project?

👉 Let’s build the future of clean, efficient coal conversion—smarter and stronger.

Почему выбирают нас?

Сертифицированная безопасность, надежное качество, индивидуально спроектированные сосуды под давлением.

Маркировка ASME U, U2 и S.
Оборудование, работающее под давлением, соответствующее PED.
Сертификаты ISO 9001, 14001, 18001.
Лицензии на проектирование и изготовление сосудов высокого давления А1, А2, А3.
Лицензии на сертифицированные компоненты котлов класса А.
Квалификация монтажа напорных трубопроводов GC2.